INTRODUCTION: -
Jhajjar Distt. Come in to being as a result of bifurcation
of Rohtak Distt. On 15th July 1997. The total Geographical area as 189750
Hects. There are 265 villages having
a cultivable area of 163503 Hects and uncultivated land is about 2400 Hect. About
41000 Hect land is irrigated by canal and 79794 Hects land irrigated by Tubewell.
The crop intensity of District is 140% which is various year to year because the
ground water is faulty.
(i) TOPOGRAPHY:-
The overall Topography of the area is marked by alluvial plain and at some
places by undulating dunes. The average plain elevation of the Distt is about 222
meters above mean sea level. There is a gentle slope from North South. The Hydraulic
gradient of ground water is very gentle. Ground water movement in the North Western
part is from S.E. to N.W. in the South Western part is from S.W. to N.E.
(ii) RAIN FALL AND CLIMATE: -
The climate of the District is sub-tropical, semiarid, continental
and monsoon type. The main rainy season is from July to September by South West
monsoon. The average annual rainfall from 1987 to 2005 is 580 mm. The weather during
May and June is dry and hottest. The maximum temperature reaches up to 45oC
while in winter season minimum temperate fall up to 4oC in the month
of January. Sandy dust cyclones are common in summer season.
(iii) GEOLOGY: -
The area forms a part of in Dugan ethic plain ranging
from Pleistocene to recent in age Aeolian deposits of Sub- recent age cap the plains.
The sediments comprise of clay, sand and Kankar mixed in different proportions.
No exposure of hard rock farming the basement is seen in the area.
(iv)
SOIL: -
Disst. Jhajjar is a part of in digenetic alluvial plain. The sediment consists
of sand, silt, gravel and kankar etc. The soil texture varies from sandy to clay
having a heterogeneous composition with frequent calcium carbonate layers at shallower
depths. The sahibi river basin in parts of Jhajjar and Bahadurgarh blocks are sandy
loam in rexture yellowish and brown in colour. The organic Carbon,Nitrogen and Phosphorous
are low with medium to high Potash. The soil of Sahlawas and Mattanhail Block are
sandy to sandy loam in texture, Light in colour deficient in organic carbon, low
in Nitrogen and Phosphorous with medium to high available potash .8% of the area
is affected by salinity and alkalinity problem due to poor drainage brackish water
and compact kankar layer below root zone.
(v) GOUND
WATER CONDITION: -
In the District ground water occurs under semi confined
to unconfined aquifer conditions. The unconfined aquifers are tapped by dug wells
whereas the semi confined aquifers
are tapped by shallow tube wells, which are 37000 out of which 3455 are electric
motor driven and 33545 are diesel engine driven.
a). DEPTH
TO WATER LEVEL : -
The depth of water table in the area of the district
ranges for minimum 1.37 meters to maximum 20.72 meters below ground level. (June,2005)
91.05% of the area fall under 10 meters of water level depth.
b). GROUND
WATER QUALITY: -
Ten million years ago most of the area of the district was submerged under
bay of ocean hence the quality of ground water is saline at deeper depths because
of seepage for intensive network of canal and drainage system, the quality of ground
water near and along the water bodies is fresh to marginal. As per June 2005,13.5%
of area falls under fresh quality of ground water,52% under marginal to marginal
saline and of the 34.5% under saliva zone.
(vi) GROUND WATER DEVLOPMENT: -
The overall stage of ground water development in the district
is 87% with minimum 53% in Matanhail block and maximum 107% in Jhajjar block. The
block
Salhawas
and Jhajjar fall under over exploited category Bahadurgarh under critical
Category
where as Beri and Matanhail Block falls under safe category.
(vii) CROPPING
PATTERNS:
The major crops of the
district in Kharif and Rabi are as under:
a) Kharif:
-
Bajra, Jawar for fodder, Guar, Arhar, Paddy, Cotton, Sugarcane, Till, Groundnut,
Soya been and Moong.
b) Rabi:
-
Wheat, Barley, Sarson and Gram etc.
(viii) Diverssification
of Agriculture
The tradition farming is getting out of sight day by day and the farmers
are sowing the keen interest to diversity their farming in order to create regular
and constant source of income with the minimum expenditure involving the very least
risk their in State Govt. has encouraged the farmers and launched several projects
in the Department of Agriculture, Horticulture and other allied agencies. The farmers
arnow adopting the following schemes under the guidance of technical
i)
Sprinkler
irrigation
ii)
Drip irrigation
iii)
Underground
pipeline
iv)
Poultry
Farming
v)
Piggery
farming
vi)
Forestry
vii) Experts Floriculture mushroom cultivation
viii) Preparation of FYM and composed and use there.
ix)
Green manuring
with Dacha and Guar
x)
Fish farming.
For successful diversification in cropping pattern farmers are regularly advised
to increased Guar, Arhar and Cotton and decrease paddy areas. In the same way in
the Rabbi cropping pattern farmers are advising to increase mustered gram and barley
crop due to less water requirement of the crops.
IX)
Kissan Club: - At present the list of fifty farmers of different village
have finalized for registration. The purpose and objective of Kissan club are given
below:-
a)
Discussing of the common problem of the farmers.
b)
Developing common attitude among farmers.
c)
New Technology Introduction.
d)
Crop diversification.
e)
Serving as a link between farmers and different Govt.
agencies and non-government agencies.
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